肺炎球菌結合型ワクチン：投与は延期すべき

http://www.helium.com/items/2168975-pneumococcal-conjugate-vaccine

Pneumococcal conjugated vaccine (PCV13) is a ‘killed vaccine’ (or inactive vaccine) meaning that the vaccine contains only particles of the strain Streptococcus pneumoniae. Thus, the vaccine itself is not able to give rise to a pneumococcal infection although it can teach the immune system how to counteract the bacteria, when it invades the body.



General information:

The PCV13 is recommended to be given to all children below the age of 59 months and it is scheduled to be given in four doses with the first three doses given at 2nd, 4th and 6th month of life. The last dose or the booster dose is given between the 12 – 15 months. The new pneumococcal conjugated vaccine (PCV13) covers more strains than the earlier version of the same vaccine, which was known as the PCV7, which only covered seven strains belonging to the Streptococcus pneumoniae. However, with newer strains becoming more and more abundant than the older pneumococcal strains, scientists were compelled to include the newer strains in producing the PCV.

Effectiveness of giving the PCV:

According to information provided by the Center for Disease Control (CDC), there had been around 60,000 cases of invasive pneumococcal infections reported prior to the introduction of this vaccine in te year 2000 and among them, around 6000 cases succumbed to their illnesses. However, following its introduction, the numbers have fallen by 75% - 80% although CDC believes that, stoppage of vaccination may bring the statistics back to its former self in a very short duration of time.

Contraindication for giving the pneumococcal conjugated vaccine:

The PCV is usually well tolerated by many although there can be isolated cases of allergic reactions to one or more of its components. While most of these reactions remain mild, as with any other drug or vaccine, there can be instances of severe anaphylactic reactions and even death. Thus, a child who has shown a severe allergic reaction (life-threatening) to a previous dose of PCV should not be given the same. At the same time, children who have shown severe allergic reactions to any of its components should also not receive the PCV.

Occasions needing delayed administration of PCV:

The PCV13 is known to cause a mild fever in some children and at times it may cause local redness, tenderness and swelling at the site of its administration. However, the vaccine can be given even when the child is having a mild illness such as a cold, although moderate to severe illnesses require delaying the vaccine until the child recovers completely from such illness.

PCVの前の線量に重度のアレルギー反応（生命を脅かす）が示されている子は、同じを与えてはならない。同時に、そのコンポーネントのいずれかに重度のアレルギー反応を示してきた子どもたちはまた、PCVを受けるべきではありません。

PCV13は、いくつかの子供に軽度の発熱を引き起こすことが知られているし、時にはそれはその投与部位で局所発赤、圧痛、腫れを引き起こす可能性があります。
重篤な病気に穏健派の子供がそのような病気から完全に回復するまでワクチンを遅らせる必要が、しかし、ワクチンは、子供がそのような風邪のような軽度の疾患を抱えている場合であっても指定


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